Emperor JOSEPH I / HABSBURG - HUNGARY SILVER 1 Kreuzer Coin 1709 AD +COA GGcoins

Description

Holy Roman Emperor
Joseph I.
Austrian Habsburg Monarchy / King of Hungary
Reign; ( 1705 - 1711 AD.)
Hammered Silver 1 Kreuzer Coin
;
Size: 16.5mm / Weight:
0.76gm
Obverse:
IOSEPHVS D G R I / S A G H B R,  Joseph I in
beaded circle facing right, Value below dividing legend...
Reverse:
ARCHI / D AVST / D BVRG / STYRIÆ,  Styria
Lion oval shield over 2 angled crosses & palms,
1709 & mintmark below divided by cross...
Ref;  KM# 1461,
Her# 250-255
Personalized COA included
The Coin:
Nice hammered SILVER 1 Kreuzer  coin;
It saw little use before it found a safe
place
to wait out the centuries.
Always Authentic,  I have never knowingly sold a copy or reproduction!
As grading
is subjective please Judge the coin photos to determine this for yourself.
_________________________________________________________________
History: of coin
JOSEPH I (HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE)
(1678–1711; ruled 1705–1711), Habsburg emperor.
Joseph I's reign was dominated by the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714), which
pitted Bourbon France and Spain against the "Grand Alliance" led by Austria and the Maritime
Powers.
Born to Emperor Leopold I and Eleonore of the Palatinate-Neuburg, Joseph's upbringing was
notable for the absence of Jesuit influence and the resurgence of German patriotism during
lengthy struggles against France and the Ottoman Empire. In 1699 he married Wilhemine Amalie
of Brunswick-Lüneburg, who his parents hoped would tame his youthful excesses, which included
wild parties and a string of indiscriminate sexual escapades.
He was soon admitted to the privy council, where he became the center of a "young court" of
reformminded ministers eager to resolve the daunting financial and military crises that confronted
the monarchy during the opening years of the war, which Leopold had entered to secure the far-flung
Spanish inheritance for his second son, Archduke Charles (the future Holy Roman emperor Charles VI).
Their first victory came in 1703, with the appointments of Prince Eugene of Savoy and Gundaker
Starhemberg to head the war council (Hofkriegsrat) and treasury (Hofkammer). Shortly afterward,
John Churchill, the duke of Marlborough, was induced to march a British army into southern Germany,
where it combined with imperial troops in destroying a Franco-Bavarian force at Blenheim (August 1704).
Although the great victory saved the monarchy from imminent defeat, Joseph had to overcome a
succession of new challenges after succeeding his father (5 May 1705), which included the need to
wage war on multiple fronts in Germany, the Spanish Netherlands, Italy, the Low Countries, and Spain,
while simultaneously suppressing a massive rebellion in Hungary led by Prince Ferenc II Rákóczi.
Joseph's strong German identity informed vigorous initiatives within the empire, including reform of
the Imperial Aulic Council (Reichshofrat) and the banning of several renegade German and Italian
princes who had sided with the Bourbons.
Yet he gave little assistance to the imperial army fighting along the Rhine frontier or to the Maritime
Powers campaigning in the Low Countries. Instead, he focused his resources (together with
considerable Anglo-Dutch loans) on Italy, which Prince Eugene delivered in a single stroke at the
battle of Turin (1706), after which the French evacuated northern Italy, much as they had abandoned
Germany after Blenheim. A small force expelled Spanish forces from Naples the following spring.
Joseph's other principal concern was Hungary, where Rákóczi had aroused widespread support
against Leopold's regime of heavy taxation and religious persecution.
Although Joseph dissociated himself from his father's policies and promised to respect Hungary's
liberties, he refused Rákóczi's demand that he cede Transylvania as a guarantee against future
Habsburg tyranny. As a result, the war dragged on for eight years, as Joseph committed roughly half
of all Austrian forces to the difficult process of reconquering the country. Once victory was assured,
relatively generous terms were granted the rebels at the peace of Szatmár (April 1711), signed just
ten days after Joseph's death.
With Italy secured and the Hungarian rebellion under control, Joseph shifted his attention to the
last and least pressing of his war aims—his brother's acquisition of the rest of Spain's European
and American empire. Prince Eugene and a small force were sent to join Marlborough's Anglo-Dutch
army in the Spanish Netherlands, most of which fell after their victory at Oudenarde (1708).
Joseph also instigated a short war with Pope Clement XI at the end of 1709, forcing him to recognize
Charles as king of Spain. By 1710, the first Austrian troops were fighting alongside their British, Dutch,
and Portuguese allies in Spain itself. Nonetheless, a combination of logistical difficulties, timely French reinforcements, and the Spanish people's dogged support for the Bourbon claimant, Philip V, doomed
the allied effort. Unsuccessful peace negotiations at The Hague (1709) and Gertruydenberg (1710) f
ailed to deliver what the allies could not win for themselves.
Finally, a new British cabinet initiated secret peace talks with Louis XIV at the beginning of 1711,
foreshadowing the Peace of Utrecht two years later.
Despite his untimely death from smallpox (17 April 1711), Joseph attained his two main objectives:
securing an Italian glacis to the southwest and reconciling Hungary to Austrian domination, albeit
with constitutional safeguards.
Indeed, both achievements endured until 1866. Much of his success rested with a talent for
choosing and managing able ministers to whom he could delegate much of the responsibility for
realizing policy objectives.
At the same time, Joseph jeopardized these gains through extramarital liaisons, which prevented
his wife from bearing children after he gave her a venereal infection in 1704. Although he was
survived by two daughters, the absence of a male heir foreshadowed the dynasty's extinction in 1740.
________________________________________________________________
Photos are of the actual coin that you will receive..!
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